Pfizer vaccine for infants and children under five: 5 facts you need to know

America’s Frontline Doctors

Pfizer is widely expected to ask the FDA for an emergency-use authorization of its COVID-19 vaccine in infants and young children as early as today. Pfizer, together with BioNTech, its German partner in the production of its COVID vaccine, hopes to begin administering the shots to infants as young as 6 months worldwide, starting in the United States later this month.

1. Pfizer and the FDA are moving forward DESPITE the failure its drug trials on children under 5

Pfizer and BioNTech already reported in December that,

“two doses of the pediatric vaccine failed in 2-, 3- and 4-year-olds to trigger an immune response comparable to what was generated in teens and older adults.”

The company did claim then, though, to have achieved an, “adequate immune response in children 6 months to 2 years old.”

2. A third dose is already planned

Due to the disappointing results from the trials of the two-shot regimen in children under 5, Pfizer immediately began testing a third dose on those children, amending its study to provide for a third injection to each of the participating children eight weeks after their second shot.

An anonymous administration official reported that a briefing of federal health officials by Pfizer, which included Dr. Anthony Fauci, the White House’s chief medical adviser for its response to the coronavirus, included,

“a ‘robust conversation’ that three doses were likely to be much better than two shots [in children under 5] … But to get to three, you have to get two shots first … There’s interest in seeing this move forward.”

3. The third dose may already be added to the scheduled dosing of infants and young children by April

Pfizer announced in January that it expects data on this third shot to be available by April. The Washington Post added that, according to “knowledgeable individuals” the submission of this new data is expected to lead to its addition to the vaccine schedule for young children:

“Once that information is submitted, regulators are expected to authorize a third dose of the pediatric vaccine. ‘We know that two doses isn’t enough, and we get that,’ said one of the people familiar with the situation. ‘The idea is, let’s go ahead and start the review of two doses. If the data holds up in the submission, you could start kids on their primary baseline months earlier than if you don’t do anything until the third-dose data comes in.’” [Emphasis added].

4. The dose is much smaller than the adult dose

The version of the vaccine to be administered to children under 5 is a 3-microgram dose in each shot, one tenth of the dose in the adult vaccine. Children aged 5 to 11 receive 10 microgram doses while adults, as well as children 12 and older, receive 30 micrograms in each injection. As with adults, the two injections are scheduled three weeks apart.

5. Pfizer’s market share and profit margin set to spike

With a global population of more than 600 million children under the age of 5, Pfizer Inc. (PFE) will greatly expand its market share for COVID-19 vaccines if its request for multi-dose use in this age group is approved. Although the company previously forecasted “sales of $26 billion in revenue for 1.6 billion vaccine doses, therefore at an average cost per dose of $16.25,” the per dose cost is set to spike.

Oxfam, a global organization that fights poverty and injustice, explains,

“Never in history have governments been buying more doses of vaccines for one disease and the large-scale production should drive down costs, enabling companies to charge lower prices. Yet the EU reportedly paid even higher prices for its second order from Pfizer/BioNTech. Dramatic price escalation is predicted to continue in the absence of government action and with the possibility of booster shots being required for years to come. The CEO of Pfizer has suggested potential future prices of as much as $175 per dose – 148 times more than the potential cost of production …

“Analysis of production techniques for the leading mRNA type vaccines produced by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna – which were only developed thanks to public funding to the tune of $8.3 billion – suggest these vaccines could be made for as little as $1.20 a dose.”

America’s Frontline Doctors